Challenges & Solutions in OT to IT Security - White Paper
Corsha - Challenges & Solutions in Operational Technology (OT) and Information Technology (IT) Security
The rapid digitization of manufacturing, energy, and critical infrastructure industries has led to a transformation in how Operational Technology (OT) and Information Technology (IT) interact. The convergence of these domains offers potential efficiency and innovation, but it also brings forth significant security challenges. One of the most critical areas demanding attention is the secure communication across OT and IT systems.
In 2020, incidents targeting OT and industrial control systems surged by a staggering 2,000%. [1 ] Looking forward, IoT connections are projected to hit 83 billion by 2024, with over 70% in the industrial sector,[2] underscoring the pressing necessity for secure communication between OT and IT systems.
This digital revolution, now being called Industry 4.0, is reshaping traditional industrial systems with a wave of innovation. From manufacturing to supply chain management, the integration of digital technologies is not just an option.
it's becoming a necessity to stay competitive in today's fast-paced world.
Several key drivers are fuelling the adoption of digital technologies in industrial systems:
Operational Efficiency
Data-Driven Insights
Predictive Maintenance
Supply Chain Optimization
Enhanced Safety
Understanding the OT to IT Landscape
In the realm of modern industries, two critical pillars stand tall – Operational Technology (OT) and Information Technology (IT). Each plays a distinct yet interconnected role, forming the foundation upon which today’s industrial landscape is built. Understanding the definitions and distinctions between these domains is pivotal in appreciating their symbiotic relationship and the pivotal role communication between them plays in propelling modern industrial processes.
The Significance of Seamless Communication
Historically, Operational Technology (OT) and Information Technology (IT) have operated in standalone, air-gapped enclaves, making it difficult to stream OT data, patch equipment, and even operate. However, in today’s era of Industry 4.0, connectivity is already expanding beyond this isolated Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) world into the digital realm. This extension enables seamless communication between OT and IT, resulting in increased efficiency, optimization, and innovation within modern industrial processes.
Challenges in Securing OT to IT Communication
There are deep challenges organizations face when securing OT to IT communication. Theseaddresses legacy infrastructure compatibility, varying security postures, real-time constraints, lack of standardization, and asset complexity. As industries embark on the journey of digital transformation, the integration of Operational Technology (OT) with Information Technology (IT) systems has opened new avenues for innovation and efficiency. However, this convergence has not come without its fair share of challenges, particularly when it comes to securing the communication between these distinct domains.
Legacy Infrastructure Compatibility
Varying Security Postures
Real-Time Constraints
Lack of Standardization
Asset Complexity
Overcoming these challenges demands a multifaceted approach:
Strong Identity and Access Management
Risk Assessment and Prioritization
Segregation and Segmentation
Security by Design
Adoption of Standards
Real-time Threat Detection
“No Code Change” Solutions
The increased use of digital technologies is not confined to a single industry.
Manufacturing
Energy
Healthcare
Transportation
Implications of Unprotected Communication
Operational Disruptions
Data Breaches and Loss of Intellectual Property
Safety and Human Risk
Regulatory Violations and Legal Consequences
Reputation Damage
Financial Losses
Securing OT to IT Communication
From implementing a Zero Trust approach to encryption and multi-factor authentication, there are a range of strategies organizations can adopt to enhance the security of OT to IT communication.
Identity and Authentication
Network Segmentation versus Isolation
Continuous Monitoring and Enforcement
Collaboration and Training
A Strategic Approach to OT-to-IT Security
Securing OT to IT communication is a complex task with challenges arising from legacy systems, differing security approaches, real-time demands, lack of standardization, and complex assets. Addressing these issues requires a strategic approach that balances security, operational efficiency, and industry-specific requirements.
The above discussed approaches and technologies promote Zero Trust connectivity and drive industries toward greater innovation. In the era of Industry 4.0, cybersecurity enhancement is paramount, given the multitude of potential threats. These encompass jeopardizing physical security, disrupting production, spoiling products, damaging equipment, and inflicting financial and reputational harm. In a digital transformation-centric era, surmounting these challenges isn’t just essential; it’s a foundational step toward forging a resilient industrial future.