TL;DR: Legacy MFA is increasingly vulnerable to phishing and MFA fatigue, and Axiad argues that government mandates and modern use cases now justify a pragmatic phishing-resistant approach built around certificate-based authentication and FIDO support. The real issue is not whether stronger MFA exists, but whether identity programmes can support mixed authenticator paths without creating new operational silos.
Editorial analysis by NHI Mgmt Group, based on content published by Axiad: “Phishing-Resistant Authentication for Everyone”.
Key questions
Q: How should financial institutions roll out phishing-resistant MFA without breaking legacy systems?
A: Start by segmenting access paths instead of treating the workforce as one login population.
Q: Why do legacy MFA methods still leave organisations exposed to phishing?
A: Legacy MFA often depends on transferable factors such as SMS codes or push approvals, which attackers can intercept through SIM swapping or man-in-the-middle techniques.
A: Ordinary authenticators often fail in high-risk environments because they may not cover the full range of privileged, shared, or constrained use cases.
Practitioner guidance
- Map user groups to authenticator classes Separate baseline, knowledge, compliance, IT and security, and executive users so each group gets an authentication method that matches its risk and device context.
- Support both certificate-based authentication and FIDO Design the IAM stack so certificate-based authentication covers desktop or endpoint-constrained use cases while FIDO remains available where browser-based access fits better.
- Treat authenticator lifecycle as governance Track enrolment, renewal, expiry, and replacement as controlled identity processes, not as informal support tasks.
Bottom line: Legacy MFA remains vulnerable wherever attackers can coerce or replay the factor, which is why phishing-resistant authentication is becoming the practical baseline.
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Phishing-resistant MFA is now an identity governance baseline, not a niche hardening choice. Once phishing and MFA fatigue become routine attack paths, programmes that still treat push approval or SMS-style second factors as sufficient are governing to yesterday’s threat model. The control question is no longer whether MFA exists, but whether the factor can be replayed, coerced, or inherited through weak recovery paths. Practitioners should treat authenticator strength as a policy boundary, not a user preference.
A few things that frame the scale:
- Roughly 1 in 3 phishing payloads are delivered outside email, through channels such as social media, search ads and messaging apps.
A question worth separating out:
Q: How should security teams choose between FIDO and certificate-based authentication?
A: Security teams should choose by identity type, environment maturity, and lifecycle control. FIDO fits phishing-resistant human login, while certificate-based authentication fits environments that already rely on PKI for users, devices, or workloads. The right answer is often both, with each method mapped to the use case it governs best.
👉 Read our full editorial: Phishing-resistant MFA is becoming the baseline for identity