TL;DR: Legacy PKI can consume more than $1 million a year in maintenance, licensing, and professional services for federal agencies, while fragmented certificate authorities create blind spots, slow issuance, and preventable outages, according to Axiad. The governance issue is not just cost, but an identity model that assumes certificate management can stay manual, isolated, and reviewable at human speed.
Editorial analysis by NHI Mgmt Group, based on content published by Axiad: “How Government Agencies Can Cut PKI Costs by 60%”.
By the numbers:
- Agencies implementing cloud-native PKI solutions typically reduce annual operating costs by approximately 60%.
- Policy-driven automation can reduce certificate issuance times by 80%, bringing provisioning down to minutes rather than days or weeks.
Key questions
Q: What breaks when PKI remains fragmented across multiple Certificate Authorities?
A: Fragmented Certificate Authorities break trust visibility, delay issuance, and make revocation harder to prove.
Q: Why do manual certificate workflows increase audit and outage risk?
A: Manual workflows make certificate state changes slow enough that evidence becomes stale before it is reviewed.
Q: How should agencies decide which certificates to modernize first?
A: Start with the certificate types that support authentication, device trust, secure email, and mission-critical services.
Practitioner guidance
- Map every Certificate Authority and owner Build a single inventory of all Certificate Authorities, certificate classes, and accountable owners before changing the operating model.
- Measure issuance and revocation latency Track how long it takes to issue, renew, and revoke key certificate types today.
- Prioritise certificates with business-critical dependencies Start modernization with the certificate types that support login, device trust, secure email, and mission applications.
Bottom line: Legacy PKI is expensive partly because it depends on manual lifecycle work that does not scale with modern identity demands.
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Legacy PKI becomes a governance problem when certificate ownership and state drift apart. The article shows that the real cost of old PKI is not only licensing and hardware, but the loss of reliable lifecycle control across multiple Certificate Authorities. When no one can confidently say which credentials are active, due for renewal, or already obsolete, trust management becomes speculative rather than governed. Practitioners should read this as a certificate ownership problem, not just an infrastructure problem.
A few things that frame the scale:
- According to a recent Gartner report, 40% of government organizations are expected to establish dedicated trust operations functions by 2028 to combat deepfakes.
A question worth separating out:
Q: What role does PKI play in Zero Trust programmes?
A: PKI provides the certificate foundation that Zero Trust depends on for strong authentication and continuous verification. If certificate issuance, renewal, and revocation are slow or unreliable, the Zero Trust programme inherits that fragility and cannot scale cleanly.
👉 Read our full editorial: PKI modernization cuts federal identity overhead and audit burden